Anaerobic Biotechnology for Bioenergy Production || Bioenergy Recovery from Sulfate-Rich Waste Streams and Strategies for Sulfide Removal
✍ Scribed by Khanal, Samir Kumar
- Publisher
- Wiley-Blackwell
- Year
- 2008
- Weight
- 534 KB
- Category
- Article
- ISBN
- 0813823463
No coin nor oath required. For personal study only.
✦ Synopsis
Background
Anaerobic processes are gaining popularity for both treatment and recovery of bioenergy from high-strength industrial waste streams. Some industrial effluents, however, are not amenable to anaerobic treatment, such as those from pulp and paper, molasses fermentation, seafood processing, potato-starch, tanneries, edible oil refineries, pharmaceutical and petrochemical production, and wine distillery slops. These waste streams contain elevated concentrations of sulfate and/or sulfide. Existing sulfide, and that produced by reduction of sulfate, is toxic to the organisms responsible for methanogenesis, a major pathway for methane production. Upset of methanogenesis due to sulfide toxicity often leads to process failure. Hydrogen sulfide also produces objectionable odors, causes corrosion, is toxic to humans, and adulterates the produced biogas by reducing its energy potential.
This chapter provides background information on anaerobic treatment of sulfate-rich waste streams with an emphasis on bioenergy production, sulfide toxicity, and suitable strategies such as selection of reactor design and operating conditions for treating high-sulfate wastewater. Various methods for sulfide removal from both aqueous and gaseous phases are also covered.
7.2 Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria
Sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) are strict anaerobic prokaryotes first discovered by Beijerinck in 1895 . SRB characteristically generate odorous