## Abstract In this article, a simple intensityβmodulated fiber optic sensor for liquid level measurement is presented. The sensor principle is based on frustrated total internal reflection effect caused by refractive index change of a medium surrounding an optical fiber. The end face of a stepβind
An ultrasonic level sensor for liquid gases
β Scribed by K.P. Selig; H.G. Wener
- Publisher
- Elsevier Science
- Year
- 1981
- Tongue
- English
- Weight
- 158 KB
- Volume
- 21
- Category
- Article
- ISSN
- 0011-2275
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β¦ Synopsis
have a component perpendicular to the surface. According to the laws of friction, this would allow a frictional force parallel to the surface which would increase the reaction further. For a sufficiently large angle between AC and the surface, and sufficiently large coefficient of friction, the bullet cannot be removed. Similar difficulties would occur on insertion if the bullet nose had too large an angle.
It may easily be shown that the tangential condition is approximately satisfied if the shape of the bullet is
D = P [(1 -exp (-z/O)]
(1)
π SIMILAR VOLUMES
In order to estimate online conversion and polymer composition through sound velocity measurements, a mathematical model for calculating sound velocity in emulsion polymerization has been developed. With respect to previous modeling approaches, its main features are as follows: (1) the application t