Rheological data for crosslinked LLDPE samples have been related to previous studies of similar materials. It has been found possible to attribute a range of time constants and characteristic moduli to the "gel-networkÏ (j 0i n ) ( G 0 i ) strength factor (S) of all these materials. Comparability es
An investigation into the effectiveness of bibliotherapy and minimal contact interventions in the treatment of panic attacks
✍ Scribed by Greg A. R. Febbraro
- Publisher
- John Wiley and Sons
- Year
- 2005
- Tongue
- English
- Weight
- 113 KB
- Volume
- 61
- Category
- Article
- ISSN
- 0021-9762
No coin nor oath required. For personal study only.
✦ Synopsis
The present study investigated the effectiveness of bibliotherapy and minimal therapist-contact interventions in the treatment of panic attacks. Individuals were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: (1) bibliotherapy alone (BT); (2) bibliotherapy plus phone contact (BTϩPC); or (3) phone contact alone (PC). Assessment (pre-and post-treatment) and treatment (8 weeks in duration) were conducted via mail and phone. Individuals receiving BT and BTϩPC exhibited significant reductions from pre-to posttreatment on panic cognitions and fear of having a panic attack. Individuals receiving BTϩPC exhibited significant reductions from pre-to post-treatment on panic symptoms and avoidance. In addition, individuals in the BT and BTϩPC groups were more likely to exhibit clinically significant improvement on most dependent measures relative to PC alone. On some measures, individuals in the BTϩPC group did clinically better than individuals in the BT group. Results of the present study also suggest that diagnosis may play some role in outcome.
📜 SIMILAR VOLUMES
Carbonate substitution in the apatite crystal lattice can occur in either the hydroxyl or the phosphate sites, designated as A or B type, respectively, and previous investigations generally have described precipitated carbonate hydroxyapatite as being B type on the basis of infra red and X-ray data.