An immune paradox: How can the same chemokine axis regulate both immune tolerance and activation? : CCR6/CCL20: A chemokine axis balancing immunological tolerance and inflammation in autoimmune disease
✍ Scribed by Iain Comerford; Mark Bunting; Kevin Fenix; Sarah Haylock-Jacobs; Wendel Litchfield; Yuka Harata-Lee; Michelle Turvey; Julie Brazzatti; Carly Gregor; Phillip Nguyen; Ervin Kara; Shaun R. McColl
- Publisher
- John Wiley and Sons
- Year
- 2010
- Tongue
- English
- Weight
- 525 KB
- Volume
- 32
- Category
- Article
- ISSN
- 0265-9247
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✦ Synopsis
Abstract
Chemokines (chemotactic cytokines) drive and direct leukocyte traffic. New evidence suggests that the unusual CCR6/CCL20 chemokine receptor/ligand axis provides key homing signals for recently identified cells of the adaptive immune system, recruiting both pro‐inflammatory and suppressive T cell subsets. Thus CCR6 and CCL20 have been recently implicated in various human pathologies, particularly in autoimmune disease. These studies have revealed that targeting CCR6/CCL20 can enhance or inhibit autoimmune disease depending on the cellular basis of pathogenesis and the cell subtype most affected through different CCR6/CCL20 manipulations. Here, we discuss the significance of this chemokine receptor/ligand axis in immune and inflammatory functions, consider the potential for targeting CCR6/CCL20 in human autoimmunity and propose that the shared evolutionary origins of pro‐inflammatory and regulatory T cells may contribute to the reason why both immune activation and regulation might be controlled through the same chemokine pathway.