Japan, the development ofparking lots is important to achieving a comfortable urban environment, and effective use of underground space is particularly necessary in congested cities. However,maintainingaproperenvimnmentinumkrgroundparking lots (UPLe) requires more equipment and consumes mom energy than typicalabovegroundparking lots (APLs). This study compares UPLs with APLs with regard to 1) the environment, 2) special maintenance features, and 3) worhers' subjective evaluations (as measured by questionnaire). The result ofthe research showed that UPLs had equipment loads and energy consumption than did APLS.
Common psychological problems associated with underground space also were covered in the questionnaire. !l'he study ako suggests possible ways of reducing negative perceptions of VP& e.g., by providing elevators.
R&sum&Au Japan, k &veloppement des parkings joue un n3k importantdansE'~~ntdel'envi~nnementw~etl'utilkatkn du sous-sol se rkvhk particuli&emen t n&ssaim dans ks vilks congestion&es. L'entmtkn desparkings soutermins WPLs) demanok cependant un equipement et une consommation d&u&e plus importants que ks parkings traditionnek en surfhce (APLs). Cette &ude apporte la compamison entre UPLs et APLs du point de vue 1) de 1 'environnement; 2) des caractMstiques de l'entmtkn; et 3) des kvaluations subjectives apport&s par ks employ& (a la suite dtn questionnainz). Les~ultatsdesrecherchesmontrentque kscharges en kquipement et en wnsommation d'knergie sont plus importantes &~ksUPLsqwdonslesAP~.Le~tionnairewuvreegalement ks pmbkmes psychologiques coumnts lit% & l'espace souterrain. L'&uoksugg~m aussi ks moyens quipeuvent diminuer kssensations negatives pmduites par ks UPLe, par exemple l'installation d'.&Alteurs.