An animal evaluation of a paste of chitosan glutamate and hydroxyapatite as a synthetic bone graft material

✍ Scribed by Mukherjee, D. P. ;Tunkle, A. S. ;Roberts, R. A. ;Clavenna, A. ;Rogers, S. ;Smith, D.

• Publisher: John Wiley and Sons
• Year: 2003
• Tongue: English
• Weight: 435 KB
• Volume: 67B
• Category: Article
• ISSN: 0021-9304
• DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.10050

✦ Synopsis

Abstract

The objective of this study was to develop a synthetic bone graft in a paste form. Reported here are the results of the evaluation of a paste of chitosan glutamate (Protosan®) and hydroxyapatite (referred to as a paste) used in a critical size defect model in rats. Eight–millimeter—diameter cranial defects were made in rat calvaria following a protocol approved by the animal review committee. Five groups were studied: (1) empty control, (2) defect filled with paste only, (3) defect filled with the paste containing bone‐marrow aspirate, (4) defect filled with paste containing BMP‐2, and (5) defect filled with paste containing osteoblasts cultured from bone‐marrow aspirate. The sacrifice intervals were 9 and 18 weeks. Calvaria containing the defect were harvested, and the bone mineral density (BMD) was determined by dual energy X‐ray absorptiometry. Push‐out strength measurements were also performed. The BMD values of empty control were significantly lower than those of other groups at both 9 and 18 weeks. The mechanical properties, that is, push‐out strengths and area under the push‐out load and displacement were not significantly different between the samples. Histological examination of Goldner‐trichromestained undecalcified sections showed the presence of mineralized bone spicules in the defect areas that were more prominent in those filled with paste and osteoblasts cultured from bone‐marrow aspirate. Hence, this study demonstrated that the paste of chitosan glutamate and hydroxyapatite‐containing osteoblasts cultured from bone‐marrow aspirate would be an effective material to repair bone defects. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 67B: 603–609, 2003