Alkannin/shikonin mixture from roots of Onosma echioides (L.) L.: Extraction method study and quantification
✍ Scribed by Gianni Sagratini; Gloria Cristalli; Dario Giardinà; Giorgio Gioventù; Filippo Maggi; Massimo Ricciutelli; Sauro Vittori
- Publisher
- John Wiley and Sons
- Year
- 2008
- Tongue
- English
- Weight
- 765 KB
- Volume
- 31
- Category
- Article
- ISSN
- 1615-9306
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✦ Synopsis
Abstract
This work reports the extraction procedures of alkannin/shikonin mixture from roots of six populations of Onosma echioides, by means of three extraction techniques: Soxhlet extraction, maceration and rapid solid–liquid dynamic extraction (RSLDE). Five solvents with different polarity (hexane, petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, methanol) were also studied. Analysis of the extracts was performed by an HPLC‐DAD (diode array detector) system. The most efficient extraction technique was Soxhlet procedure using ethyl acetate for 6 h. Studied samples of O. echioides showed an alkannin/shikonin content in the range of 0.02–0.24 mg/kg. Other naphthoquinone derivatives (deoxyalkannin/deoxyshikonin and 5,8‐dihydroxy‐2‐(4‐methyl‐6‐oxo‐5,6‐dihydro‐2H‐pyran‐2‐yl)‐[1,4]naphthoquinone and arnebin‐6) were found for the first time in O. echioides and characterized in the extracts using HPLC‐MS apparatus equipped with an ESI ionization source.