Air-breathing in a California sculpin
β Scribed by Wright, W. G. ;Raymond, J. A.
- Publisher
- John Wiley and Sons
- Year
- 1978
- Tongue
- English
- Weight
- 280 KB
- Volume
- 203
- Category
- Article
- ISSN
- 0022-104X
No coin nor oath required. For personal study only.
β¦ Synopsis
Abstract
The intertidal sculpin Clinocottus recalvus has been observed emerged and showing signs of airβbreathing near tidepools in a cave on the central California coast. In the laboratory the fish consumed oxygen at nearly equal rates in water and air, but release of carbon dioxide was retarded in air. The cause of emergence appeared to be low oxygen levels in the tidepools. This is the first report of airβbreathing in the sculpin family.
π SIMILAR VOLUMES
During nasal breathing, heat and humidity are exchanged over a 160 cm 2 area of mucous membrane. This capacity is not sufficient for airway comfort during cold air breathing. Similarly, airway discomfort and constriction may be experienced during exercise-induced mouth breathing in marginally cold t
The design optimization of air-breathing propulsion engine concepts has been accomplished by softcoupling the NASA Engine Performance Program (NEPP) analyser with the NASA Lewis multidisciplinary optimization tool COMETBOARDS. Engine problems, with their associated design variables and constraints,