✍ Scribed by Elizabeth K. Elliott; Megan M. Daschbach; George W. Gokel
No coin nor oath required. For personal study only.
The amphiphilic heptapeptides—referred to as synthetic anion transporters (SATs)—mediate chloride transport in planar lipid bilayer membranes, synthetic liposomes, and mammalian cells. The SATs described have the general formula R^1^~2~NCOCH~2~OCH~2~CO‐(Gly)~3~‐Pro‐(Gly)~3~‐OR^2^. Substitution at R^1^ and R^2^ with various aliphatic or aromatic groups alters the ability of SATs to transport chloride through a phospholipid bilayer membrane. Despite extensive structure‐activity relationship studies concerning Cl^−^‐mediated transport by SATs, relatively little was known about the mechanism of insertion and pore‐formation in the membrane. In the current study, the mechanistic behavior of SATs was investigated in aqueous solution and at the air–water interface. In the latter case, Langmuir trough studies and Brewster angle microscopy (BAM) revealed the extent of monolayer stability and organization for SATs. Dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confirmed these results and defined the aggregation behavior of SATs in solution. SAT derivatives that showed low chloride transport activity organized into stable monolayers at the air–water interface, while more active SATs formed less stable monolayers. The relationship between intermolecular organization of SATs and pore‐formation in the membrane is discussed along with its implications for chloride transport.
📜 SIMILAR VOLUMES
Building on the pioneering work in supramolecular chemistry from the last 20 years or so, this monograph addresses new and recent approaches to anion coordination chemistry. Synthesis of receptors, biological receptors and metallareceptors, the energetics of anion binding, molecular structures of an