Advances in Microwave Engineering: From Novel Materials to Novel Microwave Applications (Modern Aspects of Computing, Devices, and Communication Engineering)

✍ Scribed by Ankan Bhattacharya (editor), Bappadittya Roy (editor), Arnab De (editor), Ujjal Chakraborty (editor), Anup Kumar Bhattacharjee (editor)

• Publisher: CRC Press
• Year: 2023
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 408
• Edition: 1
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

This text showcases recent advancements in the field of microwave

engineering, starting from the use of innovative materials to the latest

microwave applications. It also highlights safety guidelines for exposure to

microwave and radio frequency energy. The book provides information on

measuring circuit parameters and dielectric parameters.

• Explains microwave antennas, microwave communication, microwave

propagation, microwave devices, and circuits in detail

• Covers microwave measurement techniques, radiation hazards, space

communication, and safety measures

• Focuses on advanced computing technologies, wireless communication,

and fiber optics

• Presents scattering matrix and microwave passive components and

devices such as phase shifters and power dividers

• Showcases the importance of space communication, radio astronomy,

microwave material processing, and advanced computing technologies

The text provides a comprehensive study of the foundations of microwave

heating and its interactions with materials for various applications. It

also addresses applications of microwave devices and technologies in

diverse areas, including computational electromagnetics, remote sensing,

transmission lines, radiation hazards, and safety measures. It emphasizes

the impact of resonances on microwave power absorption and the effect

of nonuniformity on heating rates. The text is primarily written for senior

undergraduate students, graduate students, and academic researchers in the

fields of electrical engineering, electronics and communication engineering,

computer engineering, and materials science.

✦ Table of Contents

Cover
Half Title
Title
Copyright
Contents
Preface
Editors
Dedication
Contributors
1 Microstrip Antennas: Theory, Principles and Review of Literature
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Microstrip Patch Antenna Design
1.3 Feeding Techniques
1.4 Models of Analysis of Microstrip Antennas
1.5 Other Popular Analytical Models
1.6 Review of the Literature
1.6.1 Introduction
1.6.2 Mathematical Approaches in Antenna Design
1.6.3 Efforts in Resonant Frequency Determination
1.6.4 Bandwidth Enlargement Techniques
1.6.5 Monopole Antennas with Improved Frequency Response
1.6.6 Novel Feeding Techniques for Bandwidth Improvement
1.6.7 Coplanar Waveguide Technique for Bandwidth Improvement
1.6.8 Application of Fractal Geometries in Designing Antennas
1.6.9 Selection of a Suitable Substrate for Frequency Response Optimization
2 The Role of Microstrip Antennas in Microwave Engineering and Research
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Literature Survey
2.3 Antenna Design Formula
2.4 IE3D (Integral Equation Three-Dimensional) Software
2.4.1 HFSS Software (High-Frequency Structure Simulator)
2.5 Antenna Configuration
2.5.1 Patch Antenna with L-slot
2.5.2 Patch Antenna with T-slot
2.5.3 Patch Antenna with H-slot
2.5.4 Patch Antenna with U-slot
2.6 Conclusion
3 Recent Developments in Low-Cost Manufacturing Antennas and Their Challenges
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Low-Cost Antenna Manufacturing
3.3 Challenges in Low-Cost Antennas
3.4 Conclusion
4 Design and Performance Analysis of a Miniaturized UWB Monopole Antenna with Embedded Octagonal Slot and DGS for Various Wireless Applications
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Literature Survey
4.3 Antenna Design
4.4 Results and Discussions
4.5 Parametric Analysis
4.5.1 Impact of Different Ground Plane Lengths
4.5.2 Effect of the Substrate’s Various Thicknesses
4.5.3 Effects on the Ideal Ground of Various Ground Center Slot Shapes
4.5.4 Effect of the Different Substrate Type
4.6 Measurement and Fabrication
4.7 Conclusion
5 A Printed Array of Nature-Inspired Antennas for IoT and Future 5G Applications
5.1 Introduction
5.2 The Sole Radiator
5.2.1 Contour Length Computation
5.2.2 Analysis of Time-Domain Parameters
5.3 Proposed Array
5.3.1 Construction of the Feed Topology
5.3.2 Construction of Array Geometry
5.4 Results and Discussion
5.5 Conclusion
6 Optimization Algorithms for Reconfigurable Antenna Design: A Review
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Evolutionary Algorithms
6.2.1 Genetic Algorithm
6.2.2 Differential Evolution
6.2.3 Covariance Matrix Adaptation Evolution Strategy
6.3 Swarm Intelligence-Based Algorithm
6.3.1 Particle Swarm Optimization
6.3.2 Grey Wolf Optimizer
6.4 Conclusion
7 Review on Wearable Antennas for IoT, Healthcare, and High-End Applications
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Wearable Antenna Types
7.2.1 Traditional Wearable Designs
7.2.2 Textile Design Antenna
7.3 Creating and Designing of Wearable Antennas
7.3.1 Conductive Substance
7.3.2 Fabrication Method
7.4 Analysis Required for Wearable Antennas
7.4.1 SAR Modelling
7.4.2 Measurement with Different Bending
7.4.3 On-Body Measurements
7.4.4 Significance
7.5 Application of Wearable Antennas
7.5.1 Healthcare
7.5.2 Sports and Fitness
7.5.3 Internet of Things
7.6 Conclusion and Future Scope
8 A Review of Design Challenges of Metamaterial-Inspired Body-Worn Antennas
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Metamaterial-Inspired Dual Wideband Wearable Antenna for Wireless Applications
8.2.1 A Novel Wearable Metamaterial Fractal Antenna for Wireless Applications
8.2.2 Radiation Pattern Reconfigurable Wearable Antenna Based on Metamaterial Structure
8.2.3 Compact All-Textile, Dual-Band Antenna Loaded with Metamaterial-Inspired Structure
8.2.4 A Compact Triple-Band Metamaterial-Inspired Antenna for Wearable Applications
8.2.5 Metamaterial-Embedded Wearable Rectangular
Microstrip-Patch Antenna
8.2.6 Metasurface-Enabled Hepta-Band Compact Antenna for Wearable Applications
8.2.7 An Ultra-Wideband, Low-SAR, Flexible, Metasurface-Enabled Antenna for WBAN Applications
8.3 Summary
9 An Efficient Wearable Antenna Deploying Different Geometry for Wireless Capsule Endoscopy
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Capsule Antenna Design
9.2.1 Working Principle
9.2.2 Effects of the Slot on the Antenna
9.3 Wearable Antenna Design
9.4 Simulation Results
9.5 Design Challenges
9.6 Conclusion
10 Wearable MIMO Antenna with High Port Isolation for e-Health Monitoring Applications
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Architecture and Design of Antenna
10.3 Discussion of Results
10.4 Discussion of MIMO Parameters of the Final
Antenna
10.5 Conclusion
11 Development of Multiport MIMO Antenna for C-Band Frequency Application in Wireless Communication
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Structural Layout of Proposed Antenna
11.3 Geometry of Two-Port MIMO Antenna
11.4 Results and Discussion of Proposed MIMO Antenna
11.4.1 S11 (dB) and S12 (dB)
11.4.2 Distribution of Surface Current (A/m) for the Proposed MIMO Antenna
11.4.3 Gain (Measured in dBi) and Efficiency (Measured in Percent) in Relation to Frequency (GHz)
11.5 Conclusion
12 Harmonic Suppression Triple-Band U-Slot Antenna for GPS/WLAN/5G Applications
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Antenna Design and Analysis
12.2.1 Antenna Configuration
12.2.2 Design and Analysis of Resonance Frequencies
12.2.3 Parametric Study of Patch and Slot Dimensions
12.3 Results and Discussion
12.4 Conclusion
13 Mutual Coupling Reduction in a Patch Antenna Array Using a Microstrip Resonator for Wireless Communication System Applications
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Antenna Design and Its Configuration
13.3 Simulation and Measurement Results
13.4 Conclusion
14 Filter Synthesis–Based Compact Dual-Band Filtenna for C-Band Applications
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Filter Synthesis
14.3 Filtenna Design
14.4 Results and Discussion
14.5 Conclusion
15 Reviews on Electromagnetic Interference/Compatibilities
15.1 Introduction
15.1.1 Fundamentals of EMI
15.1.2 What Causes Electromagnetic Interference?
15.2 Types of Electromagnetic Interference
15.2.1 Manmade EMI
15.2.2 Natural EMI
15.2.3 Narrowband EMI
15.2.4 Broadband EMI
15.2.5 Radiated EMI
15.2.6 Conducted EMI
15.2.7 Coupled EMI
15.3 Elimination Methods of EMI
15.3.1 Shielding
15.3.2 Filtering
15.3.3 Ground
15.3.4 Transmission Mode
15.4 Measuring Methods for EMI
15.4.1 Emission Testing
15.4.2 Radiated Emission Testing
15.4.3 Conducted Emission Testing
15.4.4 Immunity Testing
15.5 Conclusion
16 Application of a Frequency Selective Surface in the Modern Medical Field
16.1 Introduction
16.2 Theoretical Perspective: How Does FSS Transmit or Block Incoming Waves?
16.3 Simulation and Measurement
16.4 Significance of FSS on Antennas
16.5 Application of FSS in the Medical Field
16.5.1 Enhancing the Performance of the ISM Antenna
16.5.2 EM Absorber
16.5.3 FSS for Biomedical Sensing
16.5.4 Dosimeter Tag
16.5.5 Wearable Medical Devices
16.5.6 Mobile Body Area Network
16.5.7 MRI
16.5.8 Concentrating EM Energy into Target
Tissue
16.6 Future Improvements
16.7 Conclusion
17 Scattering Matrices and Their Applications in Microwave
Engineering
17.1 Introduction
17.2 Quantifying and Analyzing the Input Signal and Power Flow
17.3 Origin of Scattering Parameters from the Transmission Line
17.4 Terms Related to Any Network
17.5 S-Matrix Determined from Z- and Y-Matrix
17.6 Properties of S-Parameters
17.7 Scattering Matrices of Microwave Components
17.8 Measurement of Scattering Parameters
17.9 Signal Flow Graph
17.9.1 The Flow Graph Representation for Different Conditions
17.10 Conclusions
18 A Feasibility Study for Biomedical Applications via Microwave Imaging
18.1 Introduction
18.2 Dielectric Properties of Human Tissues
18.3 Design and Analysis of Antenna Performance
18.3.1 Antenna Design
18.3.2 Performance of Antenna
18.4 Conclusion
19 Review of Current Advancements in Microwave UWB Filter
19.1 Introduction
19.2 UWB Technology
19.3 Advantages
19.4 Disadvantages
19.5 Applications
19.6 UWB Filter
19.7 Performance Analysis of UWB Filters
19.8 Different Techniques to Develop UWB Filters
19.9 Review of Previous Works in UWB Filters
19.10 UWB Filter Cascading a Low-Pass and High-Pass Filter
19.11 MMR for Designing a UWB Filter with Multiple Notches
19.12 Ring Resonator with Quad T Stub-Loaded Structure
19.13 Square Ring Resonator with Extended Stop Band
19.14 UWB Filter Implementing a Defected Ground Structure
19.15 A Triple-Notched Band UWB Filter
19.16 Conclusion and Future Scope
20 Design of Broadband Planar Couplers Using an Existing Filter Design Approach
20.1 Introduction
20.2 Operation Principle of Forward-Wave Directional Coupler
20.3 Basics of Asymmetrical Directional Couplers
20.4 Design of a Forward-Wave Directional Coupler Using MMR
20.4.1 Design Equations of Asymmetric Coupled Sections
20.4.2 10 dB Forward-Wave Directional Coupler Using MMR
20.5 MMR-Based Broadband Six-Port Coupler
20.6 Conclusion
21 Sensing of Trapped Survivors Using IR-UWB Radar
21.1 Introduction
21.2 Motivation
21.3 Current Technologies Used
21.4 Importance of Radar
21.5 Radar-Rubble-Target Model
21.5.1 Different Types of UWB Radar
21.5.2 Detailed Description of Rubble
21.5.3 Human Target Model
21.6 Human Vital Signs Mathematical Model
21.7 Methodology
21.7.1 Raw Data Preprocessing Stage
21.8 Buried Human Location and Vital Signs Estimation Stage
21.9 Experimental Setup
21.10 Artificial Breathing Simulator
21.11 Live Human Subjects
21.11.1 No Obstruction between Radar and
Target
21.11.2 Planar-Wall Obstruction between Radar
and Target
21.11.3 Complex Rubble Obstruction between
Radar and Target
21.12 Results and Discussion
21.12.1 Estimation of Breathing Simulator Frequency
21.13 Estimation of Human Target Location and Vital Signs
21.13.1 Single Human Target Per Range
21.14 Multiple Targets Per Range
21.15 Correlation Analysis
21.15.1 Single-Target Range Error
21.15.2 Multitarget Range Error
21.15.3 Target Heartbeat Signal Accuracy
21.15.4 Target Breathing Signal Accuracy
21.16 Conclusion
22 Employment of Antennas in Biomedical Applications: A Review
22.1 Introduction
22.2 Design Requirements of Bio-implantable Antennas
22.3 Concept Behind Usage of Bio-implantable Antennas for Tumour Detection
22.4 Conclusion
Index