Although the basic theories of thermodynamics are adequately covered by a number of existing texts, there is little literature that addresses more advanced topics. In this comprehensive work the author redresses this balance, drawing on his twenty-five years of experience of teaching thermodynamics
Advanced Thermodynamics for Engineers
β Scribed by D. Winterbone FEng BSc PhD DSc FIMechE MSAE, Ali Turan
- Publisher
- Butterworth-Heinemann
- Year
- 1996
- Tongue
- English
- Leaves
- 399
- Edition
- 1
- Category
- Library
No coin nor oath required. For personal study only.
β¦ Synopsis
Although the basic theories of thermodynamics are adequately covered by a number of existing texts, there is little literature that addresses more advanced topics. In this comprehensive work the author redresses this balance, drawing on his twenty-five years of experience of teaching thermodynamics at undergraduate and postgraduate level, to produce a definitive text to cover thoroughly, advanced syllabuses.
The book introduces the basic concepts which apply over the whole range of new technologies, considering: a new approach to cycles, enabling their irreversibility to be taken into account; a detailed study of combustion to show how the chemical energy in a fuel is converted into thermal energy and emissions; an analysis of fuel cells to give an understanding of the direct conversion of chemical energy to electrical power; a detailed study of property relationships to enable more sophisticated analyses to be made of both high and low temperature plant and irreversible thermodynamics, whose principles might hold a key to new ways of efficiently covering energy to power (e.g. solar energy, fuel cells). Worked examples are included in most of the chapters, followed by exercises with solutions. By developing thermodynamics from an explicitly equilibrium perspective, showing how all systems attempt to reach a state of equilibrium, and the effects of these systems when they cannot, the result is an unparalleled insight into the more advanced considerations when converting any form of energy into power, that will prove invaluable to students and professional engineers of all disciplines.
β¦ Table of Contents
Front Cover
Advanced Thermodynamics for Engineers
Copyright Page
Contents
Preface
Structure
Symbols
Chapter 1. State of Equilibrium
1.1 Equilibrium of a thermodynamic system
1.2 Helmholtz energy (Helmholtz function)
1.3 Gibbs energy (Gibbs function)
1.4 The use and significance of the Helmholtz and Gibbs energies
1.5 Concluding remarks
Problems
Chapter 2. Availability and Exergy
2.1 Displacement work
2.2 Availability
2.3 Examples
2.4 Available and non-available energy
2.5 Irreversibility
2.6 Graphical representation of available energy and irreversibility
2.7 Availability balance for a closed system
2.8 Availability balance for an open system
2.9 Exergy
2.10 The variation of flow exergy for a perfect gas
2.11 Concluding remarks
Problems
Chapter 3. Pinch Technology
3.1 A heat transfer network without a pinch problem
3.2 A heat transfer network with a pinch point
3.3 Concluding remarks
Problems
Chapter 4. Rational Efficiency of a Powerplant
4.1 The influence of fuel properties on thermal efficiency
4.2 Rational efficiency
4.3 Rankine cycle
4.4 Examples
4.5 Concluding remarks
Problems
Chapter 5. Efficiency of Heat Engines at Maximum Power
5.1 Efficiency of an internally reversible heat engine when producing maximum power output
5.2 Efficiency of combined cycle internally reversible heat engines when producing maximum power output
5.3 Concluding remarks
Problems
Chapter 6. General Thermodynamic Relationships (single component systems, or systems of constant composition)
6.1 The Maxwell relationships
6.2 Uses of the thermodynamic relationships
6.3 Tds relationships
6.4 Relationships between specific heat capacities
6.5 The Clausius-Clapeyron equation
6.6 Concluding remarks
Problems
Chapter 7. Equations of State
7.1 Ideal gas law
7.2 Van der Waals' equation of state
7.3 Law of corresponding states
7.4 Isotherms or isobars in the two-phase region
7.5 Concluding remarks
Problems
Chapter 8. Liquefaction of Gases
8.1 Liquefaction by cooling β method (i)
8.2 Liquefaction by expansion β method (ii)
8.3 The JouleβThomson effect
8.4 Linde liquefaction plant
8.5 Inversion point on p-v-T surface for water
8.6 Concluding remarks
Problems
Chapter 9. Thermodynamic Properties of Ideal Gases and Ideal Gas Mixtures of Constant Composition
9.1 Molecular weights
9.2 State equation for ideal gases
9.3 Tables of u(T) and h(T) against T
9.4 Mixtures of ideal gases
9.5 Entropy of mixtures
9.6 Concluding remarks
Problems
Chapter 10. Thermodynamics of Combustion
10.1 Simple chemistry
10.2 Combustion of simple hydrocarbon fuels
10.3 Heats of formation and heats of reaction
10.4 Application of the energy equation to the combustion process β a macroscopic approach
10.5 Combustion processes
10.6 Examples
10.7 Concluding remarks
Problems
Chapter 11. Chemistry of Combustion
11.1 Bond energies and heats of formation
11.2 Energy of formation
11.3 Enthalpy of reaction
11.4 Concluding remarks
Chapter 12. Chemical Equilibrium and Dissociation
12.1 Gibbs energy
12.3 Stoichiometry
12.4 Dissociation
12.5 Calculation of chemical equilibrium and the law of mass action
12.6 Variation of Gibbs energy with composition
12.7 Examples of the significance of Kp
12.8 The Van't Hoff relationship between equilibrium constant and heat of reaction
12.9 The effect of pressure and temperature on degree of dissociation
12.10 Dissociation calculations for the evaluation of nitric oxide
12.11 Dissociation problems with two, or more, degrees of dissociation
12.12 Concluding remarks
Problems
Chapter 13. The Effect of Dissociation on Combustion Parameters
13.1 Calculation of combustion both with and without dissociation
13.2 The basic reactions
13.3 The effect of dissociation on peak pressure
13.4 The effect of dissociation on peak temperature
13.5 The effect of dissociation on the composition of the products
13.6 The effect of fuel on composition of the products
13.7 The formation of oxides of nitrogen
Chapter 14. Chemical Kinetics
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Reaction rates
14.3 Rate constant for reaction, k
14.4 Chemical kinetics of NO
14.5 The effect of pollutants formed through chemical kinetics
14.6 Other methods of producing power from hydrocarbon fuels
14.7 Concluding remarks
Problems
Chapter 15. Combustion and Flames
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Thermodynamics of combustion
15.3 Explosion limits
15.4 Flames
15.5 Flammability limits
15.6 Ignition
15.7 Diffusion flames
15.8 Engine combustion systems
15.9 Concluding remarks
Problems
Chapter 16. Irreversible Thermodynamics
16.1 Introduction
16.2 Definition of irreversible or steady state thermodynamics
16.3 Entropy flow and entropy production
16.4 Thermodynamic forces and thermodynamic velocities
16.5 Onsager's reciprocal relation
16.6 The calculation of entropy production or entropy flow
16.7 Thermoelectricity β the application of irreversible thermodynamics to a thermocouple
16.8 Diffusion and heat transfer
16.9 Concluding remarks
Problems
Chapter 17. Fuel Cells
17.1 Electric cells
17.2 Fuel cells
17.3 Efficiency of a fuel cell
17.4 Thermodynamics of cells working in steady state
17.5 Concluding remarks
Problems
Bibliography
Index (including Index of tables of properties)
π SIMILAR VOLUMES
This text is intended to provide an introduction to advanced thermodynamics for mechanical and aerospace engineering students, covering topics such as: availability analysis; thermodynamic properties; chemical reactions; and a statistical viewpoint of entropy.
Content: <br>Preface</span></a></h3>, <i>Pages ix-xii</i><br>Structure of book</span></a></h3>, <i>Page xiii</i><br>Symbols</span></a></h3>, <i>Pages xv-xix</i><br>1 - State of equilibrium</span></a></h3>, <i>Pages 1-12</i><br>2 - Availabilty and exergy</span></a></h3>, <i>Pages 13-46</i><br>3 - Pin
This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reprinted material is quoted with permission, and sources are indicated. A wide variety of references are listed. Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the author and the pub