Cover
Half Title
Series Page
Title Page
Copyright Page
Table of Contents
Preface
About the Editors
List of Contributors
Chapter 1 Underwater Explosive Welding of Tin and Nickel Plates and Characterization of their Interfaces
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Principles of Underwater Explosive Welding
1.3 Design Considerations for Experimentation of Underwater Explosive Welding
1.4 Methodology Adopted to Weld and Characterize Metal Plates
1.5 Discussion on Welded Plates and their Characterization
1.6 Conclusion
References
Chapter 2 Advances in Gas Tungsten and Gas Metal Arc Welding β A Concise Review
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Advancements in Gas Tungsten Arc Welding
2.2.1 Cold Wire Gas Tungsten Arc Welding Process
2.2.2 Pulsed-Current Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (PCGTAW)
2.2.3 Variable-Polarity GTAW
2.2.4 Ultra High Frequency of Pulsed Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (UHFP-GTAW)
2.2.5 Hot-Wire Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (HW-GTAW) Process
2.2.6 Twin TIG
2.2.7 Keyhole β GTAW Welding
2.2.8 Multicathode GTAW
2.2.9 Active GTAW (A-TIG)
2.2.10 Advanced A-TIG
2.2.11 Flux-Bounded TIG Welding (FBTIG)
2.2.12 Buried Arc GTAW
2.2.13 Ultrasonic GTAW (U-TIG)
2.2.14 TOPTIG
2.2.15 TIPTIG
2.3 Advancements in Gas Metal Arc Welding
2.3.1 Pulsed-Current Gas Metal Arc Welding
2.4 DP-GMAW
2.5 High-Frequency Pulsed Gas Metal Arc Welding
2.6 Ultra-High-Frequency Pulse Metal-Inert Gas Welding (UFP-MIG)
2.6.1 Cold Metal Transfer-GMAW
2.6.2 PCMT-GMAW
2.6.3 CW-GMAW
2.6.4 DCW-GMAW
2.6.5 Hot-Wire GMAW
2.7 Double-Electrode Gas Metal Arc Welding (DE-GMAW)
2.8 Conclusion
References
Chapter 3 Welding of AISI 304 Steel Using TIG and Pulse TIG: Weld Deposition and Relative Joint Strength Comparisons
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Materials and Methods
3.3 Results and Discussion
3.3.1 Weld Deposition
3.3.2 Relative Joint Strength
3.4 Conclusion
References
Chapter 4 Processing of Bimetallic SteelβCopper Joint by Beam Welding
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Laser Beam Welding of SS-Copper
4.3 Electron Beam Welding of Steel β Copper
4.4 Conclusion
References
Chapter 5 Studies on Cold Metal Transfer Welding of Aluminum 5083 Alloy to Pure Titanium
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Experimental Methodology
5.2.1 Materials and Mechanical Characterization
5.2.2 Microstructure Analysis
5.2.3 SEM and EDS Analysis
5.3 Results and Discussion
5.3.1 Ultimate Tensile Strength
5.3.2 Microhardness
5.3.3 SEM and EDS Analysis of the Welded Sample
5.3.4 Fractography
5.4 Conclusion
References
Chapter 6 Diffusion Bonding for Dissimilar Metals and Alloys
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Diffusion Mechanisms
6.2.1 Vacancy Mechanism
6.2.2 Ring Mechanism
6.2.3 Interstitial Mechanism
6.2.4 Exchange Mechanism
6.3 Process Variables
6.3.1 Bonding Temperature
6.3.2 Bonding Pressure
6.3.3 Bonding Time
6.3.4 Bonding Environment
6.4 Challenges in Joining Dissimilar Metals by Diffusion Bonding
6.4.1 Use of Interlayers in Diffusion Bonding
6.5 Approaches Used to Improve the Effectiveness of Dissimilar Metal Bonding
6.5.1 Diffusion Bonding Using Pressure Pulses
6.5.2 Friction-Assisted Diffusion Bonding
6.5.3 Self-Compressing Diffusion Bonding
6.5.4 Friction Stir Welding-Assisted Diffusion Bonding
6.6 Conclusion
References
Chapter 7 Friction Stir Welding: A Solution for Dissimilar Material Joining
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Major Parameters
7.2.1 Rotational Speed
7.2.2 Traverse Speed
7.2.3 Dwell Time
7.2.4 Tilt Angle
7.2.5 Advancing Side
7.2.6 Retreating Side
7.2.7 Tool Offset
7.2.8 Shoulder Diameter
7.2.9 Pin Profile
7.2.10 Pitch Ratio
7.3 FSW of Dissimilar Materials
7.3.1 Dissimilar Aluminum Alloys
7.3.2 Aluminum to Non-aluminum Alloys
7.3.3 Aluminum to Non-metals
7.3.4 Miscellaneous
7.4 Major Issues
7.5 Future Scope
7.6 Summary
Acknowledgements
References
Chapter 8 Joining of Metallic Materials Using Microwave Hybrid Heating
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Fundamentals of Microwave Theory
8.2.1 Permittivity and Permeability
8.2.2 Maxwell's Equations
8.2.3 Lambert's Law
8.3 Heating Mechanisms in Microwave Processing
8.3.1 For Non-magnetic Materials
8.3.2 For Magnetic Materials
8.4 Modes of Heating
8.4.1 Conventional Heating
8.4.2 Microwave Direct Heating (MDH)
8.4.3 Microwave Hybrid Heating (MHH)
8.4.4 Microwave-Selective Heating (MSH)
8.4.5 Selective Microwave Hybrid Heating
8.5 Microwave Joining
8.5.1 Development of Stainless-Steel Joints Using Microwave Hybrid Heating
8.6 Recent Advances in Microwave Processing of Metallic Materials
8.6.1 Microwave Sintering
8.6.2 Microwave Cladding
8.6.3 Microwave Drilling
8.6.4 Microwave Casting
8.6.5 Simulation of Microwave Processing
8.7 Summary
8.8 Future Scope of Microwave Processing
8.8.1 Challenges
8.8.2 Opportunities
References
Chapter 9 Hybrid Welding Technologies
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Power Source Hybridization
9.2.1 Laser-Arc Hybrid Welding
9.2.2 Laser-FSW Hybrid Welding
9.2.3 Laser-USW Hybrid Welding
9.2.4 Other Hybrid Welding Techniques
9.3 Material Hybridization
9.4 Summary
References
Chapter 10 Clinching: A Deformation-Based Advanced Joining Technique
10.1 Introduction
10.1.1 Clinching
10.1.2 Types of Clinching
10.2 Variants of Clinching
10.2.1 Flat Clinching
10.2.2 Hole Clinching
10.2.3 Die-less Clinching
10.2.4 Rectangular Clinching
10.2.5 Roller Clinching
10.2.6 Laser Shock Clinching
10.2.7 Hydro Clinching
10.2.8 Injection Clinching
10.2.9 Friction Stir Clinching
10.2.10 Laser-Assisted Clinching
10.2.11 Shear Clinching
10.2.12 Fixed and Extensible Die Clinching
10.2.13 Double-Stroke Clinching
10.3 Clinching-Based Hybrid Joining
10.3.1 Clinch Bonding
10.3.2 Resistance Spot Clinching (RSC)
10.4 Factors Affecting Clinched Joint Formation
10.5 Mechanical and Metallurgical Characteristics of Clinched Joints
10.6 Failure Modes of Clinched Joint
10.7 Numerical Modeling of the Clinching Technique
10.7.1 Modeling
10.7.2 Meshing
10.7.3 Remeshing Method
10.7.4 Contact Modeling
10.8 Conclusion and Future Scope
References
Chapter 11 Systematic Study of Digital Twins for Welding Processes
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Literature Review
11.2.1 Welding Process
11.2.2 Digital Twin
11.3 Digital Twin in Welding
11.3.1 Weld Joint Expansion and Penetration Regulation of Gas Tungsten Arc Welding Process Using a Digital Twin
11.3.2 Digital Twin-Based Process Monitoring in Laser-Welded Blanks of Light Metal Blanks
11.3.3 Sequence Optimization of Spot Welding for Geometry Assurance Digital Twin
11.3.4 Digital Twin-Based Simulation and Optimization of Robotic Arc Welding Station
11.4 Conclusion
References
Chapter 12 Application of Machine Learning Techniques for Fault Detection in Friction Stir-Based Advanced Joining Techniques
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Artificial Intelligence in FSW and FSP
12.3 Fault Detection Approach in FSW or FSP Using Artificial Intelligence
12.3.1 Digital Twin Modeling of FSW Process
12.3.2 Surface Defect Detection in FSW Joints Using a Machine Learning Approach
12.3.3 Artificial Intelligence for Detecting Surface Defects in Friction Stir-Welded Joints
12.4 Summary
References
Chapter 13 Friction Stir Welding Characteristics of Dissimilar/Similar Ti-6Al-4V-Based Alloy and its Machine Learning Techniques
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Friction Stir Welding
13.3 Conventional Optimization Techniques
13.4 Machine Learning
13.5 Advantages of Machine Learning in FSW
13.6 Conclusion
References
Index