Adult-onset tic disorder, motor stereotypies, and behavioural disturbance associated with antibasal ganglia antibodies
✍ Scribed by Mark J. Edwards; Russell C. Dale; Andrew J. Church; Eleni Trikouli; Niall P. Quinn; Andrew J. Lees; Gavin Giovannoni; Kailash P. Bhatia
- Publisher
- John Wiley and Sons
- Year
- 2004
- Tongue
- English
- Weight
- 138 KB
- Volume
- 19
- Category
- Article
- ISSN
- 0885-3185
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✦ Synopsis
Abstract
The onset of tics in adulthood is rare and, unlike the childhood variety, there is commonly a secondary environmental cause. We present four cases (1 man, 3 women) with an adult onset tic disorder (mean age of onset, 36 years; range, 27–42 years) associated with the presence of serum antibasal ganglia antibodies (ABGA). One patient had motor tics and unusual motor stereotypies, 2 had multiple motor and vocal tics, and the remaining patient had motor tics only. Concomitant psychiatric disturbance was noted in 3 cases. In 2 cases, there was a close temporal relationship between upper respiratory tract infection and the subsequent onset of tics. Imaging was possible in three cases and was normal in two but revealed a lesion involving the right caudate and lentiform nuclei in the other. We suggest that there might be a causal relationship between ABGA and the clinical syndrome in these cases and that ABGA should be considered as a possible etiology for adult‐onset tics. © 2004 Movement Disorder Society