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About nonunitary phases of superfluid helium-3 in a magnetic field

โœ Scribed by A.N. Tarasov


Publisher
Elsevier Science
Year
2001
Tongue
English
Weight
152 KB
Volume
93
Category
Article
ISSN
0167-7322

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โœฆ Synopsis


We have derived a system of coupled equations for the order parameter, effective magnetic field and unified expression for the magnetic susceptibility for nonunitary superfluid phases aHe -A2, 3He -AI and nonunitary 2D-phase of 3He with spin-triplet p-wave pairing in sufficiently strong static uniform magnetic field at temperatures 0 < T < Tc (To is the temperature of phase transition from the normal to the superfluid state). These results are obtained within the Fermi-liquid theory generalized to superfluid systems and the Landau spin-exchange Fermi-liquid interaction is taken into account.

The Fermi-liquid approach generalized to superfluid systems [1] was used in [2] to derive a system of coupled equations for the order parameter (OP), effective magnetic field (EMF) and energy of quasiparticles of a superfluid Fermi liquid in the general case of spin-triplet pairing (spin of a pair is 8 = 1, orbital angular momentum I of a pair is an arbitrary odd number) in static uniform magnetic field, taking into account the Landau spin-exchange normal Fermi liquid (NFL) interaction at temperatures 0 < T < To.

In this research general equations from [2] axe used for deriving the equations for the OP, EMF and magnetic susceptibility which are valid for nonunitary superfluid phases SHe -A2, 3He -A1 and nonunitary planar 2D-phase of 3He [3] with taking into account only the p-wave pairing interaction (a = 1, l = 1). We neglected weak magneticdipole interaction between nuclei of aHe atoms and it is justified in sufficiently strong magnetic fields (H >> 30 G, see [2,3]). We restrict ourselves to the case of thermodynamic equilibrium when the superfluid and normal components of 3He are at rest (with velocities v, = 0, v, = 0).

To describe the equilibrium states of superfluid phases of aHe in sufficiently strong static uniform magnetic field tt we introduce the energy functional (EF) E(f,g, g+; H) for 3He, which is invariant to phase transformations and rotations both in coordinate and spin spaces separately. The EF can be written in the form (for details see [1,2]) E(f,g,g+; H) = E0(f; H) + Et(f) + E2 (g,g+).

(1)

Here f12 = Sppa+al and g12 = Sppa2a~, g+ -Sppa+a + are the normal and abnormal distribution functions (DF) for quasiparticles (p is the statistical operator, a


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