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A two-zone fire growth and smoke movement model for multi-compartment buildings

✍ Scribed by Zhuman Fu; George Hadjisophocleous

Publisher: Elsevier Science
Year: 2000
Tongue: English
Weight: 285 KB
Volume: 34
Category: Article
ISSN: 0379-7112
DOI: 10.1016/s0379-7112(99)00045-4

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✦ Synopsis

A "re growth and smoke movement model for a multi-compartment building has been developed at the National Research Council of Canada. This development is primarily intended to help evaluate the risk from "res in buildings. This paper presents the related physical models, numerical methods, and some veri"cation examples. The 2-zone ordinary di!erential equations (ODEs) are derived for the compartments with "re or smoke. The four independent variables for one compartment are selected as pressure, enthalpy of upper layer, and mass of upper and lower layers. The implemented "re sub-models are introduced, including combustion, #uid #ow and heat transfer models. For each compartment without smoke or "re, a non-linear algebraic equation based on mass conservation is used instead of the ODEs. The numerical solution of the governing equations is obtained using a room by room iteration method. In this algorithm, an existing ODE solver, LSODA, has been modi"ed and used to solve the sti! ODEs, and the Ste!ensen Acceleration Method is used to solve the algebraic equations. Experimental data for single-and two-compartment "re tests are compared to the predictions of the model. The comparison shows favourable results, especially for the upper layer gas temperature, interface height, and vent #ow rate.

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