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A novel derivation for the free-electron-laser Integral Equation

โœ Scribed by E. Menotti; G. De Ninno


Publisher
Elsevier Science
Year
2011
Tongue
English
Weight
210 KB
Volume
631
Category
Article
ISSN
0168-9002

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โœฆ Synopsis


In a free-electron laser set up as a single-pass amplifier, the evolution of the optical beam in the weak-field regime is ruled by the so-called Integral Equation. We derive this equation by a different analytical technique with respect to the one employed in earlier works. Our approach proves to be mathematically simpler and more physically transparent with respect to the original one.


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A Projector Path Integral for the Dirac
โœ B. Gaveau; L.S. Schulman ๐Ÿ“‚ Article ๐Ÿ“… 2000 ๐Ÿ› Elsevier Science ๐ŸŒ English โš– 101 KB

We construct a new kind of path integral for the Dirac equation propagator, intended as an extension to 3 space dimensions of the Feynman ``checkerboard'' propagator. One form of this path integral is a ``projector path'' summation, out of which one can reconstruct standard 3D space and chirality. O