The current study was designed to investigate the situational, dispositional, and aective antecedents of counterproductive work behaviors. A model based on the organizational frustration±aggression work of Spector and colleagues was tested using structural equation modeling and zero-order correlational analysis. As expected, a positive relationship was found between employees' experience of situational constraints (events frustrating their achievement of organizational and personal goals) and counterproductive behavioral responses to frustration (personal and organizational aggression), mediated by aective reactions to frustration. In addition, personality (trait anger and trait anxiety), control beliefs (Work Locus of Control), and estimation of likelihood of punishment were strongly associated with aective and behavioral responses. In particular, strong direct relationships were found between aective response variables and anxiety and locus of control, while direct relationships were found between behavioral response variables and anger and punishment. Finally, dierentiated relationships between two facets of trait anger (angry temperament and angry reaction) and four categories of counterproductive behaviors (serious and minor deviance directed at organizational and personal targets) were explored.