A Manual for Biomaterials/Scaffold Fabrication Technology

✍ Scribed by Gilson Khang, Moon Suk Kim, Hai Bang Lee, Gilson Khang, Moon Suk Kim, Hai Bang Lee

• Publisher: World Scientific Publishing Company
• Year: 2007
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 289
• Series: Manuals in Biomedical Research
• Edition: 1st
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

Tissue engineering has been recognized as offering an alternative technique to whole-organ and tissue transplantation for diseased, failed, or malfunctioned organs. To reconstruct a new tissue via tissue engineering, the following triad components are needed: (1) cells which are harvested and dissociated from the donor tissue; (2) biomaterials as scaffold substrates in which cells are attached and cultured, resulting in implantation at the desired site of the functioning tissue; and (3) growth factors which promote and/or prevent cell adhesion, proliferation, migration, and differentiation. Of these three key components, scaffolds play a critical role in tissue engineering. This timely book focuses on the preparation and characterization of scaffold biomaterials for the application of tissue-engineered scaffolds. More importantly, it serves as an experimental guidebook on the standardization of the fabrication process and characterization of scaffolding technology.

✦ Table of Contents

Contents......Page 8
Preface......Page 6
List of Figures......Page 16
List of Contributors......Page 24
Introduction Gilson Khang, Moon Suk Kim and Hai Bang Lee......Page 32
Importance of Scaffold Matrices in Tissue Engineering......Page 34
Synthetic polymers for scaffolds......Page 35
Cytokine release system for scaffolds......Page 36
Fabrication methods of scaffolds......Page 37
Physicochemical characterisation of scaffolds......Page 41
References......Page 42
A Protocol for Solvent-Casting/Salt-Leaching Method Gilson Khang, Soon Hee Kim and Hai Bang Lee......Page 44
A.2 Procedure......Page 45
A.4 Characterisations......Page 47
A.5 Cautions......Page 51
Notes......Page 53
B Protocol for Ice Particle–Leaching Method Moon Suk Kim, Gilson Khang and Hai Bang Lee......Page 56
B.1 Concept......Page 57
B.2 Procedure......Page 58
B.4 Characterisations......Page 59
B.5 Cautions......Page 62
Notes......Page 63
C Protocol for Gas-Foaming/Salt-Leaching Method Tae Gwan Park......Page 66
C.1 Concept......Page 67
C.3 Gas Foaming/Salt Leaching in Acidic Aqueous Solution......Page 69
C.5 Cautions......Page 71
Notes......Page 73
D Protocol for Gel-Pressing Method Soo Hyun Kim......Page 76
D.2 Procedure......Page 77
D.3 Requirements......Page 78
D.5 Example......Page 79
D.6 Cautions......Page 82
Notes......Page 83
E Protocol of PLGA Microspheres for Tissue-Engineered Scaffold Jong Tae Ko, Jung Su Park, Byung-Hyun Min and Gilson Khang......Page 86
E.2 Procedure......Page 87
E.4 Characterisations......Page 89
E.5 Cautions......Page 90
Notes......Page 92
F Preparation and Usage of Macroporous Bead Eunhee Bae......Page 96
F.2 Required Equipment......Page 97
F.3 Required Reagents......Page 98
F.4 Procedure......Page 99
F.5 Preparation of Macroporous Beads to be Used in Cell Culture......Page 100
F.6 Cell Adhesion and Culture into Macroporous Beads......Page 101
F.7.1 Bioreactor......Page 102
F.7.2 Tissue engineering......Page 103
Notes......Page 105
G Protocol for Particle-Aggregated Scaffolds Patrícia B. Malafaya and Rui L. Reis......Page 108
G.2 Advantages......Page 109
G.3 Procedure......Page 110
G.4 Requirements......Page 111
G.5 Characterisations......Page 112
Notes......Page 118
H Protocol for Freeze-Drying Method Chun Ho Kim, Seung Jae Lee, Young Ju Choi, So Hee Yun and Youngsook Son......Page 122
H.2 Chitosan Scaffold......Page 123
H.4 Characterisations......Page 126
Notes......Page 128
I Protocol for Thermally Induced Phase Separation (TIPS) Hyun Do Kim and Doo Sung Lee......Page 132
I.1 Concept......Page 133
I.2 Phase Diagram......Page 134
I.3 Preparation of PLLA Scaffold......Page 135
I.4 TIPS and Freeze-Drying Method......Page 136
I.5 Requirements......Page 138
Notes......Page 139
J Protocol for Centrifugation Method Se Heang Oh and Jin Ho Lee......Page 142
J.1 Concept......Page 143
J.3 Alginate Scaffold......Page 144
J.4 PCL Scaffold......Page 145
J.5 Requirements......Page 146
J.6 Characterisations......Page 147
Notes......Page 148
K Injectable Thermosensitive Gel Soo Chang Song......Page 152
K.1.3 Polyphosphazene......Page 153
K.2 Procedure......Page 154
K.3 Gelation Properties of Polymers......Page 155
K.6 Requirements......Page 156
Notes......Page 160
L Preparation of an Acellular Scaffold Sang-Soo Kim and Byung-Soo Kim......Page 164
L.2 Procedure......Page 165
L.3 Requirements......Page 166
L.4 Characterisations......Page 167
L.5 Cautions......Page 168
Notes......Page 169
M Protocol for Self-Assembled Human Hair Keratins Sang Jin Lee and Mark van Dyke......Page 172
M.2 General Hair Preparation......Page 173
M.3 Isolation of Keratoses......Page 174
M.4 Isolation of Kerateines......Page 176
M.5 Fabrication of a Keratin Scaffold Using Self-Assembly......Page 178
M.7 Cautions......Page 179
Notes......Page 180
N Protocol for Nanofibre Electrospinning Scaffold Jung Keug Park......Page 184
N.1 Concept......Page 185
N.2 Procedure......Page 186
N.3 Requirements......Page 187
N.4 Characterisations......Page 189
N.5 Cautions......Page 190
Notes......Page 191
O Preparation of Microfibres and Fibrous Scaffolds by Wet Spinning Method Seung Jin Lee......Page 194
O.2.1 Polyester monofilament fibres......Page 195
O.2.2 Chitosan monofilament fibre......Page 198
O.3 Characterisations......Page 201
Notes......Page 202
P Fabrication of Nonwoven Fibre by Melt-Blown Process Myung Seob Khil and Hak Yong Kim......Page 206
P.2 Procedure......Page 207
P.4 Characterisations......Page 209
P.5 Cautions......Page 210
Notes......Page 211
Q Three-Dimensional Tissue Printing Technology Tao Xu, Sang Jin Lee and James J. Yoo......Page 214
Q.1 Concept......Page 215
Q.2 Procedure......Page 216
Q.3 Characterisations......Page 217
Notes......Page 220
R Protocol for Melt-Based Rapid Prototyping Rui A. Sousa, Paula Sol, Nuno M. Neves and Rui L. Reis......Page 224
R.1 Concept......Page 225
R.2 Procedure......Page 226
R.3.1 Processing conditions......Page 229
R.3.2 Obtained scaffolds......Page 231
Notes......Page 232
S Growth Factor–Released Scaffold Jin Woo Bae and Ki Dong Park......Page 236
S.1 Concept......Page 237
S.2.1 Physical incorporation and adsorption......Page 238
S.2.2 Affinity-based incorporation......Page 239
S.3 Characterisations (Assay Procedure of a Growth Factor)......Page 241
Notes......Page 246
T Preparation of Ceramic Scaffold by Sponge Replication Method Chang Kook You and Suk Young Kim......Page 250
T.1 Concept......Page 251
T.2 Procedure......Page 252
T.4 Characterisations......Page 253
T.5 Cautions......Page 257
Notes......Page 258
U Protocol for Simple Calcium Phosphate Coating Method Hyun-Man Kim......Page 262
U.2 Procedure......Page 263
U.5 Cautions......Page 264
Notes......Page 266
V Method and Techniques for Scaffold Sterilisation Moon Suk Kim, Gilson Khang and Hai Bang Lee......Page 270
V.2.1 EOG sterilisation......Page 271
V.3.1 Ethylene oxide sterilisation......Page 272
V.3.2 Gamma radiation sterilisation......Page 273
V.4.1 EOG sterilisation......Page 274
V.4.2 Gamma radiation sterilisation......Page 276
V.5 Sterility Test......Page 277
Notes......Page 278
Abbreviations......Page 282
Index......Page 286