A comparative assessment of the frequency and spectrum of chlorophyll mutations in the M 2 and M 3 of three diploids and one tetraploid of rice after X-irradiation was made. As well as a linear relationship of the frequency of mutations with the dose of mutagen, a saturation effect was also evident. Among the three diploids, the maximum frequency of mutations was observed in T. N. 1, followed by G. E. B. 24 and A. S. D. 8. The diploid of G. E. B. 24 showed a higher frequency of mutations than the tetraploid when measured on the M1 plant basis only. The diploids showed a higher rate of mutations in the M 2 than in the M3.There was no relationship between the frequency of different types of chlorophyll mutations and the dose of X-rays. Albina, occurred in greater proportion than the other types of mutations in the diploids as well as in the tetraploid. The diploid showed a wider spectrum in the M 2, whereas the tetraploid recorded the maximum types of mutations in the M 3. Striking differences in the spectrum and the relative frequency of each type were observed among the three diploids and also between the diploid G. E. B. 24 and its tetraploid.The frequency and spectrum of induced mutations in the diploid and autotetraploid provided an insight into the genetic behaviour of the diploid and autotetraploid of G. E. B. 24, indicating that the genetics of diploidisation of the existing diploid rice may give evidence on the nature of the evolutionary pathway.