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cement. An off-line instrument that detects carbon in fly ash via the photoacoustic effect has been developed. This instrument has been used to measure fly ash carbon concentrations from less than 0.1% to nearly 7% by mass. The applicability of a theoretic model to the empirical results is discussed with respect to fly ash sample preparation. 97102163 Modeling of swirling pulverized-coal flames in an axi-symmetric furnace Beth, N. el al. froc. Annu. /no. Pittshltrgh Con1 Corlf:, 1995, 12. 1107-l 112. Swirl stabilized pulverized-coal flames were investigated experimentally in Riso National Laboratory's 1.3 MW tunnel furnace in a previous project. In the work described in the present paper three of the pulverized-coal flames measured during the above mentioned project have been modelled hy means of the computational fluid dynamics code FLOW3D release 3.2 developed by Harwell Laboratory Observations. The conclusions are presented regalding the performance of mathematical models and numerical methods employed in the code. The calculated results are subsequently compared to the measurements.
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