8051 Microcontrollers: Fundamental Concepts, Hardware, Software and Applications in Electronics

✍ Scribed by Salvador Pinillos Gimenez

• Publisher: Springer
• Year: 2018
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 328
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

This textbook describes in detail the fundamental information about the 8051 microcontroller and it carefully teaches readers how to use the microcontroller to make both electronics hardware and software. In addition to discussion of the 8051 internals, this text includes numerous, solved examples, end-of-chapter exercises, laboratory and practical projects.

✦ Table of Contents

Preface
Acknowledgements
Contents
1: Fundamental Concepts of Computer Systems
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Numeral Systems (System of Numeration)
1.2.1 Decimal Numeral System (Base 10)
1.2.2 Binary Numeral System
1.2.3 Hexadecimal Numeral System
1.2.4 Binary-Coded Decimal (BCD)
1.2.5 ASCII Code (American Standard Code for Information Interchange)
1.3 Codes Conversion
1.3.1 Conversion from Any Base to Decimal
1.3.2 Decimal to Binary Conversion
1.3.3 Decimal in Hexadecimal Conversion
1.3.4 Binary in BCD Conversion
1.3.5 BCD in Binary Conversion
1.4 Memory
1.4.1 Mask-Programmable Read-Only Memory (MPROM)
1.4.2 Programmable Read-Only Memory (PROM)
1.4.3 Erasable Programmable ROM (EPROM)
1.4.4 Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM)
1.4.5 Flash Memory
1.4.6 Static Random-Access Memory (SRAM)
1.4.7 Dynamic Random-Access Memory (DRAM)
1.5 Internal Oscillator (Clock)
1.6 Reset (Initiation) Circuit of a Computer System
1.7 The Input Devices and Their Associated Interfaces for Computer Systems
1.7.1 Mechanical Switches
1.7.2 Matrix Keyboard
1.7.3 Sensors and Their Associated Interfaces
1.7.4 Analog-to-Digital Converter
1.8 The Output Devices and Their Associated Interfaces for Computer Systems
1.8.1 The LED and Their Associated Interfaces
1.8.2 Bar LEDs and Its Associated Interface
1.8.3 7-Segment Display
1.8.4 Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)
1.8.5 Pulse Width Modulation (PWM)
1.8.6 Activation of DC and Alternating Current (AC) Loads
1.8.7 The Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC)
1.9 Microcomputer
1.9.1 Microprocessor Instructions
1.9.2 Software
1.9.3 Hardware
1.9.4 Firmware
1.9.5 Central Processing Unit (CPU) or Microprocessor or Core
1.9.6 Memory Unit
1.9.7 Input/Output Units (I/O)
1.10 Microcontroller
1.11 Flowchart
1.11.1 Connection Line
1.11.2 Ellipse
1.11.3 Rectangle
1.11.4 Lozenge
1.12 Sequential Programming
1.13 Programming with Looping Structure
1.14 Structured Programming
1.15 Programming Languages
1.15.1 Low-Level Programming Language
1.15.2 High-Level Programming Language
1.15.3 Medium-Level Programming Language
1.16 Basic Computer Architecture (Von Neumann Architecture)
1.16.1 Address Bus
1.16.2 Timing and Control Bus
1.16.3 Data Bus
1.17 How a Microcomputer Works
1.18 Solved Problems
1.18.1 Give Examples of Computer Systems
1.18.2 What Are the Advantages of Using a Computer System?
1.19 Proposed Problems
References
2: 8051 Core Microcontrollers
2.1 Introduction
2.2 General Features
2.3 Internal Architecture
2.4 Pin Description of the 8051 Microcontroller
2.5 Memory Organization
2.5.1 The Program Memory (Internal and External)
2.5.2 The Data Memory
2.6 Interface with the External Memory
2.7 Mapping Memory and I/O ICs Mapped as Memory
2.8 Reset (Initialization) Signal
2.9 The Clock Signal
2.10 The Machine Cycle
2.11 Execution of Instructions Step-by-Step
2.12 Low Power Operation
2.13 The Power Reduction Mode
2.13.1 The Idle Mode
2.13.2 The Low Power Mode
2.14 Solved Exercises
2.15 Proposed Exercises
References
3: 8051 Microcontroller Instruction Set of the 8051 Core
3.1 Introduction
3.2 The Special Function Register ``Program Status Word´´ (PSW)
3.3 Addressing Modes of the 8051 Core Microcontroller Family
3.3.1 Addressing by Register
3.3.2 Direct Addressing
3.3.3 Indirect or Indexed by Register
3.3.4 Immediate Addressing
3.3.5 Indirect by Base Registers or Indexed by Base Registers
3.3.6 Combined or Mixed Addressing
3.4 Instructions of the 8051 Core Microcontrollers Family
3.4.1 Instructions Related to the Internal RAM
3.4.2 Instructions Related to the External RAM
3.4.3 Instructions of the Tables Manipulation
3.4.4 Instructions for Arithmetic Operations
3.4.5 Instructions for Logical Operations
3.4.6 Boolean Instructions
3.4.7 Operations of the Unconditional Jump
3.4.8 Jumper and Call-to-Condition Operations
3.5 Solved Exercises
3.6 Proposed Exercises
References
4: Flowchart and Assembly Programming
4.1 Introduction
4.2 General Features of the Assembly Language
4.3 Methodology to Implement Software Packages in Assembly
4.4 Development of Sequential Software in Assembly
4.5 Development of Software with Loop in Assembly
4.6 Exercises Solved
4.7 Proposed Problems
References
5: Subroutine and Structuring of the Assembly Programming Language
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Definition of the Stack and Queue to Be Used in the Volatile Memory
5.3 The Special Function Register Entitled Stack Pointer (SP)
5.4 Process of Access (Writing and Reading) a Byte Regarding the Stack
5.5 The Process of Calling and Returning of a Subroutine
5.6 Resolved Exercises
5.7 Proposed Problems
References
6: Input/Output Ports of 8051 Core Microcontrollers
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Input and Output Ports
6.3 Some Examples of Programming in Assembly Using the Input/Output Ports
6.4 Routines to Generate Time (Timing Routines)
6.5 Monitoring Software for Mechanical Keys
6.6 Examples of Mechanical Key Monitoring Routines
6.7 Resolved Exercises
6.8 Proposed Exercises
References
7: Basic 8051 Core Microcontroller Interruptions
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Methods of Variable Management in a Microcontrolled System (Scanning and Interruption)
7.3 The Basic Interruption Sources of the 8051 Core Microcontroller
7.3.1 External Interruptions
7.3.2 Interruptions of Timers/Counters 0 and 1 of the 8051 Core Microcontroller
7.3.3 The Interruption of the Serial Communication Interface of the 8051 Core Microcontroller
7.4 Special Function Registers for Handling Interruptions
7.5 Resolved Exercises
7.6 Proposed Exercises
References
8: Timers/Counters of the 8051 Core Microcontroller
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Features of the Timers/Counters
8.3 Operation Modes of the Timers/Counters
8.4 Programming of the Timers/Counters
8.4.1 Mode 0
8.4.2 Mode 1
8.4.3 Mode 2
8.4.4 Mode 3
8.5 Solved Exercises
8.5.1 Proposed Exercises
References
9: The Serial Communication Interface of the 8051 Core Microcontroller
9.1 Introduction
9.2 The Serial Communication Interface of 8051 Core Microcontrollers
9.3 Programming/Configuring the Serial Communication Interface
9.3.1 Mode 0
9.3.2 Mode 1
9.3.3 Mode 2
9.3.4 Mode 3
9.4 Beginning and Ending the Transmission and Reception of a Byte Through the Serial Communication Interface
9.5 Solved Exercises
9.6 Proposed Exercises
References
Appendix A: 8051 Microcontroller Instructions Set
Index