6G: Sustainable Development for Rural and Remote Communities (Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, 416)

✍ Scribed by Sudhir Dixit, Vimal Bhatia, Sanjram Premjit Khanganba, Anuj Agrawal

• Publisher: Springer
• Year: 2022
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 127
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

The book covers a variety of feasible technology options, both wired and wireless, to enable 6G connectivity in rural and remote regions. Along with the enabling technology options, the book also covers important aspects such as human-computer interaction, business models for the local operator ecosystem, regulatory and right-of-way policies, security and privacy, and future challenges related to technology migration, urbanization, and scalability. A special feature of this book is that it covers both the optical and wireless technology aspects to realize 6G connectivity, which will be of interest to a broad range of researchers and practitioners. Detailed figures have been included in the book to cover both the fiber-optics and wireless aspects. These figures include telecommunication equipment and networks ranging from a locality to the under-sea cables to high latitude platforms. The book has simple explanations, pictorial representations, minimal math, and conversational language, which will enable all the readers to grasp it, thereby helping them in decision making and performing comprehensive analysis. This book includes the needs of the unconnected and under-connected sections of the society, notably from the rural and remote areas, when the 6G standards are being discussed and developed. This feature will help overcome the challenge of widening the digital divide from every new generation of mobile network standards. Hence, the book covers all technical and non-technical aspects to be of interest to researchers, decision-makers, academia, social workers, and the readers in technology, growth, and empowerment.

✦ Table of Contents

Foreword I
Foreword II
Preface
Contents
About the Authors
Abbreviations
List of Figures
1 Digital Divide and Its Current State
1.1 India
1.1.1 Current State
1.1.2 Ongoing Projects
1.1.3 Future Aspects
1.2 The World
1.2.1 Current State
1.2.2 Ongoing Projects
1.2.3 Future Aspects
References
2 Key Considerations to Achieve 5G and B5G Connectivity in Rural Areas
2.1 Users’ Perspective
2.1.1 Affordability
2.1.2 Ease-of-Use
2.1.3 Security
2.1.4 Services and Applications
2.2 Operators’ Perspective
2.2.1 Power Issues
2.2.2 Interference
2.2.3 Maintenance
2.2.4 Resilience
2.2.5 Risk
2.2.6 Scalability
References
3 Technology Drivers for 6G
3.1 Wireless Technology
3.1.1 Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO)
3.1.2 TV White Space
3.1.3 mmWave
3.1.4 Beamforming
3.1.5 Spectrum Refarming
3.2 Fiber Optics
3.2.1 Leveraging the Deployed Optical Fiber Network
3.2.2 Exploiting the Power Distribution Network
3.3 Technologies for Human–Computer Interaction
3.3.1 Users in Rural Regions and the Associated Challenges
3.3.2 Touch and Display
3.3.3 Speech and Gesture-Based Inputs
3.3.4 HCI for People with Disability
3.3.5 HCI for Children
3.3.6 Consideration for Elderly Population
3.3.7 Summary
3.4 Security
3.4.1 Biometric Authentication
3.5 Data Storage
3.5.1 Cloud Storage
3.5.2 Edge Storage
References
4 Systems Architecture and Major Global Initiatives
4.1 Architecture for Connectivity in Rural Regions
4.1.1 Remote Regions with no Infrastructure
4.1.2 Regions with Limited Infrastructure
4.2 Architectures for Enabling Affordable Service Provisioning in Rural Regions
4.3 Global Initiatives for Rural and Remote Connectivity
4.3.1 6G Flagship
4.3.2 Basic Internet Foundation
4.3.3 Broadband Commission for Sustainable Development
4.3.4 IEEE International Network Generations Roadmap
4.3.5 Wireless World Research Forum
4.3.6 World Bank Digital Development Initiative
4.3.7 Internet Society—Wireless for Communities
4.3.8 SMART Africa
4.3.9 Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Development
References
5 Techno-economic Challenges
5.1 Economic Estimates for Future Communication Technologies
5.1.1 Quantum Communication Technology
5.2 CAPEX
5.3 OPEX
5.4 Micro-operator Ecosystem
5.4.1 Sustainability
5.4.2 Profitability
5.5 Licenses and Permissions
References
6 Future Challenges
6.1 Differentiated Service
6.2 Demand Forecasting
6.2.1 Urbanization
6.2.2 First Responder Services
6.3 Technology Migration
6.3.1 Wireless
6.3.2 Fiber Optics
6.4 Haptic Technology
6.5 Socio-cultural Aspects
References