Content: Preface xiii About the Editors xv High Efficiency New Metallurgical Technology Development of Process Flow Sheet for Looping Sulfide OxidationTM of Molybdenite Concentrates 3J. Lessard, L. Shekhter, D. Gribbin, and L. McHugh Slag Structures and Properties by Spectroscopic Analysis: Effect of Water Vapor Relevant to a Novel Flash Ironmaking Technology 11M. Mohassab-Ahmed and H. Sohn An Innovative Electro-Winning Process for Titanium Production 19G. Granata, Y. Kobayashi, R. Sumiuchi, and A. Fuwa A New Bottom Gas Purging System for Stationary and Tilting Copper Anode Furnaces 25G. Vukovic and K. Gamweger A Pilot-Plant Scale Test of Coal-Based Rotary Kiln Direct Reduction of Laterite Ore for Fe-Ni Production 33G. Li, J. Liu, M. Rao, J. Luo, C. Wang, and Y. Zhang Preparation of Ferronickel Alloy Nugget through Reduction Roasting of Nickel Laterite Ore 41P. Chen, X. Lv, E. Guo, Q. Yuan, and M. Liu Preparation of High Melting Point Alloys and Refractory Compounds with Its Own Chemical Energy 51Z. Dou, G. Shi, T. Zhang, Y. Guan, M. Wen, X. Jiang, and L. Niu Reductive Sulfur-Fixation Smelting of Stibnite Concentrate in Sodium Molten Salt 59H. Xue, Y. Chen, S. Yang, C. Tang, and M. Tang Separation of Perovskite Phase from CaO-TiO2-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO System by Supergravity 67J. Gao, J. Li, and Z. Guo New Process for Producing High Grade Iron Concentrate by Roasting Siderite Ore with Microwave Energy 73S. Ju, L. Zhang, J. Peng, S. Guo, X. Wang, and Y. Wang Fundamental Research of Metallurgical Process Effect of Water Vapor on the Activities of FeO and MgO in Slags Relevant to a Novel Flash Ironmaking Technology 83M. Mohassab-Ahmed and H. Sohn Activities of NbOX in Some CaO-Al2O3-SiO2-"Nb2O5" Melts at 1873K 91B. Yan, Y. Wang, and J. Fan Reaction Behaviour of Sulfides Associated with Stibnite in Low Temperature Molten Salt Smelting Process without Reductant 99L. Ye, C. Tang, Y. Chen, M. Tang, and W. Zhang Reduction Product Separation by Vacuum Distillation in the Process of Titanium Sponge Preparation 107L. Li, K. Li, X. Chen, Y. Yang, C. Sun, and Q. Miao The Interface Reaction and Transport of Oxygen between the Molten Melt and CaO-MgO-Al2O3 Slag 115T. Zeng, J. Xu, J. Li, J. Zhang, and Y. Guo High-Temperature Creep Deformation and Change in Porous Structure of Graphite Cathode in Aluminum Electrolysis Process 123T. Chen, J. Xue, and X. Li The Dissolution Rate of Solid Alumina Inclusion into Molten CaF2-CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2 Slags 131G. Shi, T. Zhang, L. Niu, and Z. Dou Alloy and Materials Preparation A Refinement Study of SHS Alloys by Mini Vacuum Arc Melting System 139M. Alkan, S. Sonmez, B. Derin, and O. Yucel An Investigation on the Self-Propagating High Temperature Synthesis of TiB2 147O. Yucel, M. Bugdayci, and A. Turan Characteristics of Solidification Structure of Wide-Thick Slab of Steel Q345 153S. Luo, M. Zhu, W. Wang, S. Zheng, and F. Xu Determination of Surface Tension for FeCrMnNi Alloy with Varying Sulfur and Phosphorous Relevant to Gas Atomization 161T. Dubberstein and H. Heller Electrolysis Contribution to the Yield of Alloy Elements and the Exchange Current Density of Manganese and Chromium during DC-Arc Steel Melting/Refining Process 169J. Chen and M. Jiang Experimental Study of the Thermodynamics of the Fe-Nb-C Melts 177B. Yan, D. Guo, L. Zhang, and J. Zhang Preparation of Nitrogenous Ferrovanadium by Gaseous Nitriding in the Liquid Phase Ferrovanadium 185W. Liu, K. Dong, and R. Zhu Study on Key Technologies of 38CrMoAl Steel Produced by BOF-LF-RH-CC Process 193Y. Chen, M. Zhang, J. Zeng, and H. Pan The Evolution and Morphology of Sulfide Inclusions in 95CrMo Hollow Steel 201J. Chen, S. Zhang, C. Cai, Y. Liu, H. Li, and J. Yang Electrochemically Preparing of Ni-Fe Alloys in Molten Sodium Hydroxide 209J. Ge, J. Xiao, S. Jiao, and H. Zhu Roasting, Reduction and Smelting Commissioning of a Second Cobalt Recovery Furnace at Nchanga Smelter 217M. Masanza, R. Cheeba, and K. Ng'andwe Analysis of the Attaching Slag to the Lining for Pillar and Walking Beam in the Hot Rolling's Heating Furnaces 225G. Xu and Y. Wang A Study of Benefiation of Siderite by Direct Reduction-Magnetic Separation Process 231D. Zhu, Y. Luo, and J. Pan Development and Industrial Application of an Improved Lead Oxygen-Enriched Flash Smelting Process 239C. Wang, W. Gao, W. Yang, F. Yin, and B. Ma Effects of Reducer and Slag Concentrations in the Iron-Carbon Nuggets Coalescence in Self Reducing Processes 247A. Nogueira, C.Takano, M. Mourao, and A. Pillihuaman Excavation of a 48 MVA Silicomanganese Submerged-arc SiMn Furnace in South Africa - Part I: Methodology and Observations 255J. Gous, J. Zietsman, J. Steenkamp, and J. Sutherland Industrial Experimental Study on Dephosphorization Pretreatment in Combined-Blowing Converter Process 271Z. Yan, X. Xing, J. Zhang, C. Zhao, P. Pei, and J. Rao Roasting Characteristics of Oxidized Pellets of Vanadium-Titanium Magnetite Concentrates 279X. Chen, Y. Huang, M. Gan, X. Fan, L. Yuan, and W. Lv Thermodynamic Computation and Analysis for the Carbothermic Reduction of TiO2 287L. Wen, J. Tu, L. Wang, G. Qiu, and C. Bai Kinetic Analysis of Smelting Reduction of V2O3 in Blast Furnace Slag by Dissolved Carbon in Liquid Iron 295X. Zeng, Y. Wang, H. Li, B. Xie, and J. Diao The Distribution of Boron between CaO-SiO2-MgO-Al2O3-TiO2 and Liquid Fe by Chemical Equilibrium Technique 303S. Ren, J. Zhang, X. Xing, and Z. Liu Study on Limonite Powder by Flash-Magnetic Roasting 311J. Li, Y. Yu, W. Chen, and X. Liu Study on the Reduction Mechanism of Panzhihua (China) Ilmenite Activated by Ball Milling 319Y. Lei, Y. Li, W. Hou, J. Peng, L. Xu, and X. Xu Sintering of Ores and Powder Microscopic Mechanisms of Spark Plasma Sintering in a TiAl Alloy 329Z. Trzaska, A. Couret, and J. Monchoux Effects of Fuel's Distribution on NOX Emission in Iron Ore Sintering 337X. Fan, W. Lv, M. Gan, X. Chen, Z. Yu, Y. Zhou, J. Wang, and Q. Chen Study on the Metallurgical Performances of Typical Manganese Ores 345Y. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Z. You, Y. Zhao, G. Li, and T. Jiang Comprehensive Emission Reduction of Sintering Exhaust Gas Pollutant with Addition of Urea 353H. Long, J. Xiao, P. Wang, X. Xia, and A. Wang Fabrication of Al-Si Alloys by Microwave Sintering 361L. Xu, M. Yan, Y. Xia, J. Peng, W. Li, L. Zhang, C. Liu, and Y. Li Influence of Limestone Types on Iron Ore Sintering 369X. Chen, Q. Chen, M. Gan, X. Fan, Z. Yu, Z. Ji, J. Wang, and Y. Zhou Effect of Aluminum Oxide on Compressive Strength of Pellets and Its Mechanical Analysis 377J. Zhang, Z. Wang, X. Xing, and Z. Liu Process Optimization of Removing Chlorine of Zinc Dross Using Microwave Roasting 385S. Lu Physico-Chemical Properties and Sintering Performance of Canadian Iron Concentrate 393J. Pan, B. Shi, D. Zhu, and X. Li Study on Pre-Granulation Technology for Strengthening Sintering of High Proportion Iron Ore Concentrate 401X. Chen, J. Wang, X. Fan, M. Gan, Y. Zhou, W. Lv, Q. Chen, and Z. Yu Influence of B2O3 on Phases and Metallurgical Properties of High Ti-Bearing Vanadium-Titanomagnetite Sinter 409L. Sun, S. Ren, X. Xing, and F. Wang Simulation and Modeling Impact of Concentrate Feed Temporal Fluctuations on a Copper Flash Smelting Process 419A. Lamoureux, A. Blackmore, and M. Jastrzebski Influence of Microwave Radiation on Phosphorus Removal Process of Oolitic High-Phosphorus Iron Ore Fines 427H. Tang, W. Liu, L. Ma, and Z. Guo Modeling and CFD Simulations of Multiphase Melt Flows in Steelmaking Converters under Combined Blow Conditions 435V. Seshadri, E. Rodrigues, C. da Silva, I. da Silva, B. Lima, C. Mattioli, and M. Prado Mathematical Modeling for Developing Iron Bath Reactor with H2-C Mixture Reduction 443B. Zhang, H. Zhang, J. Liu, L. Liang, D. Wang, Y. Yang, H. Guo, and X. Hong Numerical Simulation Study on Immersed Side-Blowing in C-H2 Smelting Reduction Furnace 451K. Feng, J. Zhang, B. Wang, J. Xu, J. Xie, W. Cheng, D. Yin, and S. Zheng Study of Mixing Phenomena during RH Refining Using Water Modeling 459F. Li, L. Zhang, Y. Liu, and Y. Li Modeling and CFD Simulations of Multiphase Melt Flows in Steelmaking Converters during Top Blow 467V. Seshadri, E. Rodrigues, C. da Silva, I. da Silva, B. Lima, C. Mattioli, and M. Prado Optimization System of Iron Ores Proportion for Sintering Process 475X. Fan, X. Huang, X. Chen, and M. Gan Simulation on Calciothermic Reduction Process of Titanium Dioxide 483B. Xu, J. Zhao, B. Yang, X. Chen, D. Wang, and L. Kong Numerical Simulation on Temperature Distribution and Microstructure Growth of Horizontal Unidirectional Solidification Equipment 491L. Bai, H. Zhong, B. Wang, Q. Zhai, and J. Zhang Treatment of Solid Slag/Wastes and Complex Ores A Comparative Study on the Reduction of Mill Scale from Continuous Casting Processes 499M. Bugdayci, A. Turan, M. Alkan, F. Demirci, and O. Yucel A Pilot-Plant Scale Test on DRI Preparation from High-Alumina Limonite Ore by Coal-Based Rotary Kiln Direct Reduction Process 507G. Li, C. Wang, M. Rao, Y. Zhang, and T. Jiang The Effect of Various Ration of Citric and Sulfuric Acid on the Structure and Leaching Properties of Pellets of Laterite Roasted at High Temperature 515Y. Chen and H. Li Improving the Beneficiation of Low-Grade Saprolitic Nickel Laterite by Reduction Roasting in the Presence of Additives 523D. Zhu, G. Zheng, J. Pan, Q. Li, Y. An, and J. Zhu Preparation of Synthetic Rutile from Titanium Slag 531Y. Guo, J. He, T. Jiang, S. Liu, F. Zheng, and S. Wang Characterization of Magnetic Roasting and Magnetic Separation of a High-Alumina-Content Limonite Ore 539T. Jiang, X. Zhang, M. Rao, J. Zeng, Y. Zhang, and G. Li The Research of Metallurgical Reaction Engineering in Oxygen Bottom Blowing Copper Smelting Process 547Z. Cui, H. Yan, D. Shen, Z. Cui, and P. Yu The Study of Recycling Ni/Fe from Laterite by Coal Pre-Reduction and Magnetic Separation 555Y. Chen, H. Li, and P. Zhang The Phase Transformation of Laterite Ore Treated with Insufficient Reductant 563Y. Wang, Y. Guo, T. Zeng, J. Zhang, B. Bai, and G. Gao Adsorptive Removal of Phosphate Anions from Municipal Wastewater Using Raw and Wasted Low Grade Phosphorus-Containing Iron Ore Adsorbent 571X. Yuan, W. Xia, J. An, and W. Yang Microwave Heating, Energy and Environment Research on Microwave Roasting of High Titanium Slag Process 581K. Yang, J. Peng, L. Zhang, H. Zhu, G. Chen, X. Zheng, X. Tan, and S. Zhang Calculation and Analysis the Influence on the Cooling Water Velocity and Hot Metal Circulation to the Long Life BF 589K. Jiao, J. Zhang, H. Zuo, R. Xu, and J. Hong Investigation of Mixing Phenomenon Using Water Model of C-H2 Smelting Reduction Furnace 597J. Xie, K. Feng, J. Xu, and J. Zhang Numerical Simulation of Microwave Absorption of Regenerative Heat Exchangers Subjected to Microwave Heating 605X. Shang, J. Chen, W. Zhang, J. Shi, G. Chen, and J. Peng Effects of Microwave Heating on Reduction of Ilmenite and Its Separation 613Z. Huang, T. Li, L. Yi, and Y. Zhang Study on the Dielectric Properties of Panzhihua Ilmenite Concentrates by Using Terminal Open Coaxial Reflection Method 621Y. Li, Y. Lei, W. Hou, X. Xu, J. Peng, and L. Xu Optimization of Processing Parameters Using Response Surface Methodology for Microwave Direct Reduction of Titanic Iron Ore 629J. Jia, H. Zhu, J. Peng, L. Zhang, K. Yang, and G. Chen Optimization on Drying of Ilmenite by Microwave Heating Using Response Surface Methodology 637Y. Zuo, B. Liu, L. Zhang, J. Peng, A. Ma, and B. Wang Author Index 645 Subject Index 649