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3,5,3′-Triiodothyronine (T3) stimulates cell proliferation through the activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in chick embryo hepatocytes

✍ Scribed by Davide Gnocchi; Silvia Leoni; Sandra Incerpi; Giovannella Bruscalupi


Book ID
116892769
Publisher
Elsevier Science
Year
2012
Tongue
English
Weight
427 KB
Volume
77
Category
Article
ISSN
0039-128X

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## Abstract Indoleamine 2,3‐dioxygenase (IDO) is the rate‐limiting enzyme in the kynurenine (Kyn) pathway of tryptophan (Trp) metabolism. IDO is immunosuppressive and is induced by inflammation in macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs). Previous studies have shown the serum Kyn/Trp levels in patient