3,4,5-Trinitropyrazole-Based Energetic Salts

✍ Scribed by Dr. Yanqiang Zhang; Dr. Yong Guo; Dr. Young-Hyuk Joo; Dr. Damon A. Parrish; Prof. Dr. Jean'ne M. Shreeve

• Book ID: 101839473
• Publisher: John Wiley and Sons
• Year: 2010
• Tongue: English
• Weight: 393 KB
• Volume: 16
• Category: Article
• ISSN: 0947-6539
• DOI: 10.1002/chem.201001243

✦ Synopsis

Abstract

High‐density energetic salts that are comprised of nitrogen‐rich cations and the 3,4,5‐trinitropyrazolate anion were synthesized in high yield by neutralization or metathesis reactions. The resulting salts were fully characterized by ^1^H, ^13^C NMR, and IR spectroscopy; differential scanning calorimetry; and elemental analysis. Additionally, the structures of the 3,5‐diaminotriazolium and triaminoguanidinium 3,4,5‐trinitropyrazolates were confirmed by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. Based on the measured densities and calculated heats of formation, the detonation performances (pressure: 23.74–31.89 GPa; velocity: 7586–8543 ms^−1^; Cheetah 5.0) of the 3,4,5‐trinitropyrazolate salts are comparable with 1,3,5‐triamino‐2,4,6‐trinitrobenzene (TATB; 31.15 GPa and 8114 ms^−1^). Impact sensitivities were determined to be no less than 35 J by hammer tests, which places these salts in the insensitive class.