1.55-μm optical phase-locked loop with integrated p-i-n / HBT photoreceiver in a flexible development platform
✍ Scribed by P. G. Goetz; H. Eisele; K. C. Syao; P. Bhattacharya
- Book ID
- 101270987
- Publisher
- John Wiley and Sons
- Year
- 1997
- Tongue
- English
- Weight
- 127 KB
- Volume
- 15
- Category
- Article
- ISSN
- 0895-2477
No coin nor oath required. For personal study only.
✦ Synopsis
Figure 3 The waveguide dispersion term D as a function of V for a normal rib structure a and a depressed index rib b with a y1 0 w 2 2 x Ž Kerr-like nonlinear guiding region having n s 0.54 = 10 m rV . Dimension a s 1 m, P s linear state power level bold nL L . lines ; P s 1 W, P s 0.8 W, nonlinear state power levels 1 2
in frequency. When operating at a given frequency the dispersion nonlinear values may be very different from those of the linear state, and their correct value must be evaluated starting from a nonlinear model of the structure. The indicated dispersion nonlinear behavior is presented as an example, but the analysis of other different rib structures allow us to generalize the results. Further investigation must be extended in this direction.
Conclusions
In a standard rib waveguide the change of parameters has not proved to be very effective in the control of the group velocity dispersion; in particular, no negative dispersion may be obtained in the single-mode region. When a depressed Ž . index layer usually called a notch is interposed between the guiding region and the substrate, a negative GVD may be easily obtained; in a rib guide with a proper choice of other parameters as the width of the loading strip a controlled amount of negative GVD may be obtained and the region of single-mode operation may be extended. Under high optical intensity when a Kerrlike nonlinear behavior in the guiding region must be taken into account, the waveguide dispersion must be evaluated under a nonlinear model because those nonlinear values may be very different from those of the linear state.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The author wish to thank Professor Lucio Mania and Prof.
Èdoardo
Carli for their useful advice and suggestions, and for help with the graphical presentation.