No coin nor oath required. For personal study only.
order (ADHD) and obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). Neurotransmitter dysregulation of the serotonin system has been implicated in the pathogenesis of TS, OCD, and migraine headache. Subjects diagnosed with TS at the Baylor College of Medicine Movement Disorders Clinic were administered a validated migraine headache questionnaire. Twenty-four of seventy-five (32%) TS patients satisfied the diagnostic criteria for migraine headache, significantly greater than the 3 to 7% in age-matched population of otherwise healthy children (p ฯฝ 0.001). TS patients with migraine had a significantly greater comorbidity of OCD (p ฯฝ 0.00001) but not ADHD. Forty-four (59%) TS patients had a family history of migraine, and those TS patients with migraine headache had a tendency to have a family member with migraines (p ฯฝ 0.08). The relatively high frequency of migraine headache in our TS patients supports the role of common biochemical mechanisms in this neurobehavioral disorder. An involvement of the serotonergic system in both disorders is supported by the observed association of migraines with OCD, the latter responding well to selective serotonin uptake inhibitors.
๐ SIMILAR VOLUMES